2 In individuals with SCI, FEST has been used successfully to restore several functions including walking, 3–7 standing, 8, 9 and reaching and grasping. After patients attempt the desired movements for a few seconds, a therapist manually triggers the stimulation and guides the limb to ensure that the resulting movements are natural and of good quality. 1 FEST uses trains of electrical pulses that produce coordinated contractions of muscles specifically selected to facilitate functional movements (eg, reaching and grasping a cup from a table). The result is a clinically relevant system designed to promote voluntary movement attempts and more repetitions of varied functional grasps during FEST.įunctional electrical stimulation therapy (FEST) is an approach that has shown considerable promise in improving functional outcomes after spinal cord injury (SCI). Conclusion: BCI and CV methods can be integrated into an FEST system without the need for costly resources or lengthy setup times. For the participant with SCI alone, the CV accuracy was 87.5% and the BCI latency was 5.3 ± 9.4 seconds. The average latency for the BCI module to trigger the movement across all participants was 5.9 ± 1.5 seconds. The overall classification accuracy of the CV module was 90.8%, when selecting out of a set of eight objects. Results: An integrated BCI-CV-FES system was demonstrated. The system was evaluated with five neurologically intact participants and one participant with complete cervical SCI. The required grasp type and trigger command were sent to an FES stimulator, which produced one of four multichannel muscle stimulation patterns (precision, lateral, palmar, or lumbrical grasp). A CV system identified the target object and selected the appropriate grasp type. Methods: An EEG-based BCI relying on a single electrode was used to detect movement initiation attempts. ![]() Objectives: This study describes and evaluates a novel FEST system designed to incorporate voluntary movement attempts and massed practice of functional grasp through the use of brain–computer interface (BCI) and computer vision (CV) modules. Background: Functional electrical stimulation therapy (FEST) is a promising intervention for the restoration of upper extremity function after cervical spinal cord injury (SCI).
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